/*
 * Copyright (c) 2019 The StreamX Project
 *
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.streamxhub.streamx.console.base.util;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.Arrays;

public final class ObjectUtils {

    private ObjectUtils() {

    }

    private static final int INITIAL_HASH = 7;
    private static final int MULTIPLIER = 31;

    private static final String EMPTY_STRING = "";
    private static final String NULL_STRING = "null";
    private static final String ARRAY_START = "{";
    private static final String ARRAY_END = "}";
    private static final String EMPTY_ARRAY = ARRAY_START + ARRAY_END;
    private static final String ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR = ", ";

    /**
     * Return whether the given throwable is a checked exception: that is, neither a RuntimeException
     * nor an Error.
     *
     * @param ex the throwable to check
     * @return whether the throwable is a checked exception
     * @see Exception
     * @see RuntimeException
     * @see Error
     */
    public static boolean isCheckedException(Throwable ex) {
        return !(ex instanceof RuntimeException || ex instanceof Error);
    }

    /**
     * Check whether the given exception is compatible with the exceptions declared in a throws
     * clause.
     *
     * @param ex                 the exception to checked
     * @param declaredExceptions the exceptions declared in the throws clause
     * @return whether the given exception is compatible
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
    public static boolean isCompatibleWithThrowsClause(Throwable ex, Class[] declaredExceptions) {
        if (!isCheckedException(ex)) {
            return true;
        }
        if (declaredExceptions != null) {
            int i = 0;
            while (i < declaredExceptions.length) {
                if (declaredExceptions[i].isAssignableFrom(ex.getClass())) {
                    return true;
                }
                i++;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Determine whether the given object is an array: either an Object array or a primitive array.
     *
     * @param obj the object to check
     */
    public static boolean isArray(Object obj) {
        return (obj != null && obj.getClass().isArray());
    }

    /**
     * Determine whether the given array is empty: i.e. <code>null</code> or of zero length.
     *
     * @param array the array to check
     */
    public static boolean isEmpty(Object[] array) {
        return (array == null || array.length == 0);
    }

    /**
     * Check whether the given array contains the given element.
     *
     * @param array   the array to check (may be <code>null</code>, in which case the return value will
     *                always be <code>false</code>)
     * @param element the element to check for
     * @return whether the element has been found in the given array
     */
    public static boolean containsElement(Object[] array, Object element) {
        if (array == null) {
            return false;
        }
        for (Object arrayEle : array) {
            if (safeEquals(arrayEle, element)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Check whether the given array of enum constants contains a constant with the given name,
     * ignoring case when determining a match.
     *
     * @param enumValues the enum values to check, typically the product of a call to MyEnum.values()
     * @param constant   the constant name to find (must not be null or empty string)
     * @return whether the constant has been found in the given array
     */
    public static boolean containsConstant(Enum<?>[] enumValues, String constant) {
        return containsConstant(enumValues, constant, false);
    }

    /**
     * Check whether the given array of enum constants contains a constant with the given name.
     *
     * @param enumValues    the enum values to check, typically the product of a call to MyEnum.values()
     * @param constant      the constant name to find (must not be null or empty string)
     * @param caseSensitive whether case is significant in determining a match
     * @return whether the constant has been found in the given array
     */
    public static boolean containsConstant(
        Enum<?>[] enumValues, String constant, boolean caseSensitive) {
        for (Enum<?> candidate : enumValues) {
            if (caseSensitive ? candidate.toString().equals(constant) : candidate.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(constant)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Case insensitive alternative to {@link Enum#valueOf(Class, String)}.
     *
     * @param <E>        the concrete Enum type
     * @param enumValues the array of all Enum constants in question, usually per Enum.values()
     * @param constant   the constant to get the enum value of
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given constant is not found in the given array of enum
     *                                  values. Use {@link #containsConstant(Enum[], String)} as a guard to avoid this exception.
     */
    public static <E extends Enum<?>> E caseInsensitiveValueOf(E[] enumValues, String constant) {
        for (E candidate : enumValues) {
            if (candidate.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(constant)) {
                return candidate;
            }
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            String.format(
                "constant [%s] does not exist in enum type %s",
                constant, enumValues.getClass().getComponentType().getName()));
    }

    /**
     * Append the given object to the given array, returning a new array consisting of the input array
     * contents plus the given object.
     *
     * @param array the array to append to (can be <code>null</code>)
     * @param obj   the object to append
     * @return the new array (of the same component type; never <code>null</code>)
     */
    public static <A, O extends A> A[] addObjectToArray(A[] array, O obj) {
        Class<?> compType = Object.class;
        if (array != null) {
            compType = array.getClass().getComponentType();
        } else if (obj != null) {
            compType = obj.getClass();
        }
        int newArrLength = (array != null ? array.length + 1 : 1);
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        A[] newArr = (A[]) Array.newInstance(compType, newArrLength);
        if (array != null) {
            System.arraycopy(array, 0, newArr, 0, array.length);
        }
        newArr[newArr.length - 1] = obj;
        return newArr;
    }

    /**
     * Convert the given array (which may be a primitive array) to an object array (if necessary of
     * primitive wrapper objects).
     *
     * <p>A <code>null</code> source value will be converted to an empty Object array.
     *
     * @param source the (potentially primitive) array
     * @return the corresponding object array (never <code>null</code>)
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the parameter is not an array
     */
    public static Object[] toObjectArray(Object source) {
        if (source instanceof Object[]) {
            return (Object[]) source;
        }
        if (source == null) {
            return new Object[0];
        }
        if (!source.getClass().isArray()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Source is not an array: " + source);
        }
        int length = Array.getLength(source);
        if (length == 0) {
            return new Object[0];
        }
        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        Class wrapperType = Array.get(source, 0).getClass();
        Object[] newArray = (Object[]) Array.newInstance(wrapperType, length);
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            newArray[i] = Array.get(source, i);
        }
        return newArray;
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Convenience methods for content-based equality/hash-code handling
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Determine if the given objects are equal, returning <code>true</code> if both are <code>null
     * </code> or <code>false</code> if only one is <code>null</code>.
     *
     * <p>Compares arrays with <code>Arrays.equals</code>, performing an equality check based on the
     * array elements rather than the array reference.
     *
     * @param o1 first Object to compare
     * @param o2 second Object to compare
     * @return whether the given objects are equal
     * @see Arrays#equals
     */
    public static boolean safeEquals(Object o1, Object o2) {
        if (o1 == null || o2 == null) {
            return false;
        }

        if (o1 == o2) {
            return true;
        }

        if (o1.equals(o2)) {
            return true;
        }
        if (o1.getClass().isArray() && o2.getClass().isArray()) {
            if (o1 instanceof Object[] && o2 instanceof Object[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((Object[]) o1, (Object[]) o2);
            }
            if (o1 instanceof boolean[] && o2 instanceof boolean[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((boolean[]) o1, (boolean[]) o2);
            }
            if (o1 instanceof byte[] && o2 instanceof byte[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((byte[]) o1, (byte[]) o2);
            }
            if (o1 instanceof char[] && o2 instanceof char[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((char[]) o1, (char[]) o2);
            }
            if (o1 instanceof double[] && o2 instanceof double[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((double[]) o1, (double[]) o2);
            }
            if (o1 instanceof float[] && o2 instanceof float[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((float[]) o1, (float[]) o2);
            }
            if (o1 instanceof int[] && o2 instanceof int[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((int[]) o1, (int[]) o2);
            }
            if (o1 instanceof long[] && o2 instanceof long[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((long[]) o1, (long[]) o2);
            }
            if (o1 instanceof short[] && o2 instanceof short[]) {
                return Arrays.equals((short[]) o1, (short[]) o2);
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Return as hash code for the given object; typically the value of <code>
     * {@link Object#hashCode()}</code>. If the object is an array, this method will delegate to any
     * of the <code>safeHashCode</code> methods for arrays in this class. If the object is <code>null
     * </code>, this method returns 0.
     *
     * @see #safeHashCode(Object[])
     * @see #safeHashCode(boolean[])
     * @see #safeHashCode(byte[])
     * @see #safeHashCode(char[])
     * @see #safeHashCode(double[])
     * @see #safeHashCode(float[])
     * @see #safeHashCode(int[])
     * @see #safeHashCode(long[])
     * @see #safeHashCode(short[])
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        if (obj.getClass().isArray()) {
            if (obj instanceof Object[]) {
                return safeHashCode((Object[]) obj);
            }
            if (obj instanceof boolean[]) {
                return safeHashCode((boolean[]) obj);
            }
            if (obj instanceof byte[]) {
                return safeHashCode((byte[]) obj);
            }
            if (obj instanceof char[]) {
                return safeHashCode((char[]) obj);
            }
            if (obj instanceof double[]) {
                return safeHashCode((double[]) obj);
            }
            if (obj instanceof float[]) {
                return safeHashCode((float[]) obj);
            }
            if (obj instanceof int[]) {
                return safeHashCode((int[]) obj);
            }
            if (obj instanceof long[]) {
                return safeHashCode((long[]) obj);
            }
            if (obj instanceof short[]) {
                return safeHashCode((short[]) obj);
            }
        }
        return obj.hashCode();
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(Object[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (Object anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + safeHashCode(anArray);
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(boolean[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (boolean anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + hashCode(anArray);
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(byte[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (byte anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + anArray;
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(char[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (char anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + anArray;
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(double[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (double anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + hashCode(anArray);
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(float[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (float anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + hashCode(anArray);
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(int[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (int anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + anArray;
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(long[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (long anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + hashCode(anArray);
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return a hash code based on the contents of the specified array. If <code>array</code> is
     * <code>null</code>, this method returns 0.
     */
    public static int safeHashCode(short[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        int hash = INITIAL_HASH;
        for (short anArray : array) {
            hash = MULTIPLIER * hash + anArray;
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Return the same value as <code>{@link Boolean#hashCode()}</code>.
     *
     * @see Boolean#hashCode()
     */
    public static int hashCode(boolean bool) {
        return bool ? 1231 : 1237;
    }

    /**
     * Return the same value as <code>{@link Double#hashCode()}</code>.
     *
     * @see Double#hashCode()
     */
    public static int hashCode(double dbl) {
        long bits = Double.doubleToLongBits(dbl);
        return hashCode(bits);
    }

    /**
     * Return the same value as <code>{@link Float#hashCode()}</code>.
     *
     * @see Float#hashCode()
     */
    public static int hashCode(float flt) {
        return Float.floatToIntBits(flt);
    }

    /**
     * Return the same value as <code>{@link Long#hashCode()}</code>.
     *
     * @see Long#hashCode()
     */
    public static int hashCode(long lng) {
        return (int) (lng ^ (lng >>> 32));
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Convenience methods for toString output
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Return a String representation of an object's overall identity.
     *
     * @param obj the object (may be <code>null</code>)
     * @return the object's identity as String representation, or an empty String if the object was
     * <code>null</code>
     */
    public static String identityToString(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            return EMPTY_STRING;
        }
        return obj.getClass().getName() + "@" + getIdentityHexString(obj);
    }

    /**
     * Return a hex String form of an object's identity hash code.
     *
     * @param obj the object
     * @return the object's identity code in hex notation
     */
    public static String getIdentityHexString(Object obj) {
        return Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(obj));
    }

    /**
     * Return a content-based String representation if <code>obj</code> is not <code>null</code>;
     * otherwise returns an empty String.
     *
     * <p>Differs from {@link #safeToString(Object)} in that it returns an empty String rather than
     * "null" for a <code>null</code> value.
     *
     * @param obj the object to build a display String for
     * @return a display String representation of <code>obj</code>
     * @see #safeToString(Object)
     */
    public static String getDisplayString(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            return EMPTY_STRING;
        }
        return safeToString(obj);
    }

    /**
     * Determine the class name for the given object.
     *
     * <p>Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>obj</code> is <code>null</code>.
     *
     * @param obj the object to introspect (may be <code>null</code>)
     * @return the corresponding class name
     */
    public static String safeClassName(Object obj) {
        return (obj != null ? obj.getClass().getName() : NULL_STRING);
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the specified Object.
     *
     * <p>Builds a String representation of the contents in case of an array. Returns <code>"null"
     * </code> if <code>obj</code> is <code>null</code>.
     *
     * @param obj the object to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>obj</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        if (obj instanceof String) {
            return (String) obj;
        }
        if (obj instanceof Object[]) {
            return safeToString((Object[]) obj);
        }
        if (obj instanceof boolean[]) {
            return safeToString((boolean[]) obj);
        }
        if (obj instanceof byte[]) {
            return safeToString((byte[]) obj);
        }
        if (obj instanceof char[]) {
            return safeToString((char[]) obj);
        }
        if (obj instanceof double[]) {
            return safeToString((double[]) obj);
        }
        if (obj instanceof float[]) {
            return safeToString((float[]) obj);
        }
        if (obj instanceof int[]) {
            return safeToString((int[]) obj);
        }
        if (obj instanceof long[]) {
            return safeToString((long[]) obj);
        }
        if (obj instanceof short[]) {
            return safeToString((short[]) obj);
        }
        String str = obj.toString();
        return (str != null ? str : EMPTY_STRING);
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(Object[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }
            sb.append(String.valueOf(array[i]));
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(boolean[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }

            sb.append(array[i]);
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(byte[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }
            sb.append(array[i]);
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(char[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }
            sb.append("'").append(array[i]).append("'");
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(double[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }

            sb.append(array[i]);
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(float[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }

            sb.append(array[i]);
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(int[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }
            sb.append(array[i]);
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(long[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }
            sb.append(array[i]);
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Return a String representation of the contents of the specified array.
     *
     * <p>The String representation consists of a list of the array's elements, enclosed in curly
     * braces (<code>"{}"</code>). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters <code>", "</code>
     * (a comma followed by a space). Returns <code>"null"</code> if <code>array</code> is <code>null
     * </code>.
     *
     * @param array the array to build a String representation for
     * @return a String representation of <code>array</code>
     */
    public static String safeToString(short[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return NULL_STRING;
        }
        int length = array.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_ARRAY;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                sb.append(ARRAY_START);
            } else {
                sb.append(ARRAY_ELEMENT_SEPARATOR);
            }
            sb.append(array[i]);
        }
        sb.append(ARRAY_END);
        return sb.toString();
    }
}
